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Mesothelioma Cancer Mesothelioma is a cancer caused by exposure to asbestos. Inhaling asbestos fibres can cause pleural cancer, and swallowing asbestos can cause cancer of the peritoneal region. The symptoms can manifest between 10 and 50 years after the initial diagnosis. Symptoms include shortness of breath, abdominal pain and chest pain. Risk Factors Mesothelioma develops when asbestos fibers are introduced into the body. The most common type of mesothelioma is mesothelioma pleural, which develops in the lining of the chest cavity and lungs. Mesothelioma can also develop in the peritoneum (the membrane that surrounds the heart) or in the pericardium. The cancer may take up to 50 years to develop before it manifests symptoms. These symptoms are frequently mistaken for flu like illnesses. Mesothelioma most often affects older people, and it is more prevalent in men than women. Asbestos exposure is the biggest risk factor for mesothelioma. Asbestos, a naturally occurring mineral made up of tiny fibres, was employed in the construction of buildings, like in walls and ceilings. It is abrasive to fire and heat. It was also widely used in the manufacture of products like pipes insulation, shingles, and cement. Workers in industries where asbestos was common, such as construction, mining or shipbuilding, are at high risk of developing mesothelioma. Even those who have had secondary exposure to asbestos like family members who brought home asbestos-covered clothing and skin, are at risk. A small proportion (less than five percent) of mesothelioma is due to a mutation in the BAP1 gene. This genetic change increases the chance of developing mesothelioma in those who have been exposed asbestos. Age is another significant risk factor for mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is most common among people over 45 years old and two thirds of those who are diagnosed with it are 65 years old or older. This is due to the lengthy duration of exposure to asbestos. However, it could also be that older people are more likely to develop the disease due to the long-term exposure to asbestos. White males are more likely to develop mesothelioma than any other race or gender. This is due to the fact that historically white men were more likely to work in jobs which put them at a higher risk of exposure to asbestos than other groups. Additionally, mesothelioma is most often seen in those who were exposed to asbestos before better regulations were put into the 1980s. Symptoms Mesothelioma, a cancer caused by asbestos, develops in the protective linings of several organs. The cancerous tumors that develop in the tissue can damage them and cause severe pain. The malignancy may expand to other areas through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. The symptoms of mesothelioma could be similar to those of other illnesses such as influenza or pneumonia. They typically take between 10 and 50 years to manifest after exposure to asbestos. The time of latency can make it difficult to identify the disease early, and symptoms can be misinterpreted as other conditions. In most cases, the malignant tumors originate in the lungs and chest cavity (pleura). But mesothelioma can also form in the tissues surrounding the abdomen and the heart. In rare instances the disease may affect the lining of the testes or the sac that surrounds the heart (pericardium). Asbestos is one of the minerals that make long thin fibers. The fibers are so strong that they can't be broken down by chemical or water, or even bacteria. These materials were used widely in a variety of household and construction products for decades before scientists understood how dangerous they were to people's health. The majority of patients with mesothelioma were exposed to the material in the workplace or at home and the majority of those who were exposed worked in the US Navy or the air force, the shipbuilding industry or construction. It is more prevalent among women than men and veterans account for around 30 percent of mesothelioma cases. When mesothelioma develops doctors can detect it through imaging scans and medical tests. These include X-rays CT scans, MRIs and PET scans. The doctor may also send a tissue sample to a laboratory for testing. The results will help determine the mesothelioma's stage and type which can affect prognosis as well as treatment options. The majority of mesothelioma types are epithelioid and sarcomatoid. Between 10 percent and 15 percent of cases are biphasic or mixed. Epithelioid cancer is less aggressive and typically has the highest survival rates. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is a less favorable prognosis and is more difficult to treat. Diagnosis Mesothelioma is a difficult cancer to detect particularly in its early stages. Patients should first visit their primary physician if they notice any signs such as chest pain or coughing. The doctor will utilize a stethoscope to listen to the patient breathing and record their health and work history. This includes any past history of asbestos exposure, which is essential in determining mesothelioma's diagnosis. Doctors must rule out other diseases before they can confirm a diagnosis because mesothelioma symptoms are like those of other diseases. For instance, the cancer often spreads to a person's lungs from other parts of the body, for instance, their abdomen or chest wall. Asbestos victims are prone to lung issues, such as mesothelioma and pneumonia. symptoms can be confused with other respiratory ailments. Mesothelioma is diagnosed through blood tests, imaging tests and biopsies. These tests can aid doctors in identifying the cancerous area, which is usually in the lungs but can also be in the testicles or stomach. The tests will also assist doctors find out how much of the cancer is growing throughout the body. A CT scan or MRI may reveal signs of mesothelioma. This includes calcium deposits (also called plaque) in the pleura and an accumulation of lung tissue and chest wall. These tests can also determine whether a person has lung capacity on one side or the other. In many cases, a biopsy is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of mesothelioma. This procedure involves removing some of the tissue and analyzing it in the laboratory for mesothelioma cell. Some patients may require additional tests, for example FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) which allows doctors to see how the tumor is affecting blood supply to the lungs; mediastinoscopy, which allows doctors to examine and sample lymph nodes located in the middle of the chest as well as endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) which makes use of sound waves to examine the mesothelium and lungs. Mesothelioma, a rare cancer, is still being treated by medical professionals. Patients who have been diagnosed with cancer must carefully consider their options to determine the best treatment option for them. Treatment Mesothelioma may affect the lung linings or abdomen (peritoneal cancer) or the heart (pericardial cancer). The symptoms are not usually evident for several decades after asbestos exposure. It is important that people who have been exposed to asbestos should be checked if they experience unusual symptoms. A doctor will take an examination of the medical history to check for mesothelioma-related risk factors, such as how long and how intensely the patient was exposed to asbestos. The doctor will also perform an examination to find symptoms of mesothelioma like the accumulation of fluid in the chest cavity. The type of cells that reside in mesothelium, as well as the location of these cells, are used to classify mesothelioma. The most common mesothelioma type is epithelioid, and accounts for up between 60 and 80% of mesothelioma cases. Other types of mesothelioma are sarcomatoid mesothelioma and biphasic, which represent between 10% and 15% of all mesothelioma cases. There are many treatment options for mesothelioma. norfolk asbestos attorney of treatment you choose is dependent on the type and stage of the mesothelioma. In certain cases, mesothelioma may be treatable by radiation or chemotherapy. When treating mesothelioma, doctors utilize powerful cancer-fighting medications or special equipment to kill tumors. This reduces the chance of mesothelioma recurring. Other types of mesothelioma may be treated through surgery, which removes parts of the tissues of the organ that are affected. It can also alleviate symptoms such as breathing problems. A person with pleural asbestosis may undergo a procedure referred to as VATS. This involves inserting a camera into lungs and removing a part of the lung and pleura. This procedure can alleviate the breathlessness that is caused by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, however it is not a cure for the disease. Other treatment options could include pain management and support services. It is essential for patients suffering from mesothelioma to obtain the most information they can about the disease and how to deal with it. The more informed they are, the better they can plan for a future that includes a variety of health and wellness activities.